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1 #!/usr/bin/perl -w 2 #Construct for matching list. 3 #Inherits from List.pm 4 #VS 6/16/2000 5 6 =pod 7 8 =head1 NAME 9 10 Match.pm -- sub-class of List that implements a matching list. 11 12 All items accessed by $out = $ml -> item( $in ); 13 14 =head1 SYNOPSIS 15 16 Match.pm is intended to be used to create standard matching questions in which the the student is given a list of questions and a list of answers and is asked to match the correct answers to those questions. Some answers may be used more than once while others are not used at all. The order of answers is usually random but some answers can be appended to the end of the list in a set order (i.e. 'None of the above', 'All of the above'). Answers are not directly typed in but are given a corresponding letter that is the answer that the system expects. (i.e. 'the answer to #1 is A' not 'the answer to #1 is the square root of 2'). Also, students can be given different sets of questions (to avoid students sharing answers) by entering many questions and then using choose with a number less than the total so that each student only receive a sub-set of those questions. 17 18 =head1 DESCRIPTION 19 20 =head2 Variables and methods available to Match 21 22 =head3 Variables 23 24 questions # array of questions as entered using qa() 25 answers # array of answers as entered using qa() 26 extras # array of extras as entered using extra() 27 28 selected_q # randomly selected subset of "questions" 29 selected_a # the answers for the selected questions 30 selected_e # randomly selected subset of "extras" 31 32 ans_rule_len # determines the length of the answer blanks 33 # default is 4 34 35 slice # index used to select specific questions 36 shuffle # permutation array which can be applied to slice 37 # to shuffle the answers 38 39 inverted_shuffle # the inverse permutation array 40 41 rf_print_q # reference to any subroutine which should 42 # take ($self, @questions) as parameters and 43 # output the questions in a formatted string. 44 # If you want to change the way questions are 45 # printed, write your own print method and set 46 # this equal to a reference to to that method 47 # (i.e. $sl->rf_print_q = ~~&printing_routine_q) 48 49 rf_print_a # reference to any subroutine which should 50 # take ($self, @answers) as parameters and 51 # output the answers in a formatted string. 52 # If you want to change the way answers are 53 # printed, write your own print method and set 54 # this equal to a reference to to that method 55 # (i.e. $sl->rf_print_a = ~~&printing_routine_a) 56 57 =head3 Methods 58 59 qa( array ) # accepts an array of strings which can be used 60 # for questions and answers 61 62 extra( array ) # accepts an array of strings which can be used 63 # as extra answers 64 65 print_q # yields a formatted string of question to be 66 # matched with answer blanks 67 print_a # yields a formatted string of answers 68 69 choose([3, 4], 1) # chooses questions indexed 3 and 4 and one other 70 # randomly 71 choose_extra([3, 4], 1) # choooses extra answers indexed 3 and 4 and one 72 # other 73 makeLast( array ) # accepts an array of strings (like qa) which will 74 # be forced to the end of the list of answers. 75 76 ra_correct_ans # outputs a reference to the array of correct answers 77 78 =head2 Usage 79 80 Create a match list using the new_match_list call. 81 82 =for html 83 <PRE> 84 <I>$ml = new_match_list</I></PRE> 85 86 Use qa() first to enter questions and answers in alternating pairs. Note that 87 multiple questions can have the same answer. Any duplicates will be eliminated. 88 89 =for html 90 <PRE> 91 <I>$ml->qa( 92 '\( x^2 \)', 93 'quadratic', 94 '\( x^3 \)', 95 'cubic', 96 '\( x^3/x \)', 97 'quadratic', 98 '\( log(x) \)', 99 'logarithmic', 100 '\( 2^x \)', 101 'None of the above', 102 );</I></PRE> 103 104 After you call qa you can use extra() to enter extra 'answers'. Again all 105 duplicates will be eliminated. 106 107 =for html 108 <PRE> 109 <I>$ml->extra( 110 'linear', 111 'quartic', 112 'really curvy', 113 );</I></PRE> 114 115 After calling extra you can use choose to select which questions and/or how many each student sees. This helps give students different sub-sets of the full question set so that students cannot cheat as easily. A list of numbers in brackets indicates which questions every student sees (counting starts with 0) and the final number outside of brackets is how many more questions should be randomly picked for each student. Though it is available, the use of selecting specific extra answers is not recommended for novices as the indexing is complicated (see below). 116 117 =for html 118 <PRE> 119 <I>$ml->choose([0], 1);</I></PRE> 120 121 would show the first question and a random question while 122 123 =for html 124 <PRE> 125 <I>$ml->choose(3);</I></PRE> 126 127 would show 3 random questions (but never call choose more than once). 128 129 After calling choose, use choose_extra to select which of the extra 'answers' 130 will be given to each student. Note that unused answers are dumped into the 131 list of extra 'answers' so the indexing may be difficult to grasp at first. 132 (This can be stopped by doing the following: $ml->dumpExtra = "";) 133 134 =for html 135 <PRE> 136 <I>$ml->choose_extra([0], 2);</I></PRE> 137 138 would show 3 extra answers besides the correct one note that these extra 139 answers may consist of answers from the questions that were not used. 140 141 After calling choose_extra you can use makeLast to add specific answers to the 142 end of the list of answers or to force already existing answers to be moved to 143 the end of the list. This is usually done for 'None of the above', or 'All of 144 the above' type answers. 145 146 =for html 147 <PRE> 148 <I>$ml->makeLast( 149 'All of the above', 150 'None of the above' 151 );</I></PRE> 152 153 If you want you can change the size of the answer boxes at any time (the default is 4). 154 155 =for html 156 <PRE> 157 <I>$ml->ans_rule_len = 10;</I></PRE> 158 159 Now you would start your problem with a BEGIN_TEXT tag and print the questions 160 and answers with the print_q() and print_a() commands. Within the 161 BEGIN_TEXT/END_TEXT block, all calls to objects must be enclosed in \( \). 162 (The $PAR start a new paragraph by printing a blank line). 163 164 =for html 165 <PRE> 166 <I>BEGIN_TEXT 167 $PAR 168 \{ $ml->print_q() \} 169 $PAR 170 \{ $ml->print_a() \} 171 END_TEXT</I></PRE> 172 173 Now all that's left is sending the students answers to the answer evaluator 174 along with the correct answers so that the students answers can be checked and 175 a score can be given. This is done using ANS, an answer evaluator and the 176 ra_correct_ans variable. 177 178 =for html 179 <PRE> 180 <I>ANS(str_cmp($ml->ra_correct_ans));</I></PRE> 181 182 =cut 183 184 BEGIN { 185 be_strict(); 186 } 187 #' 188 189 package Match; 190 191 require "${Global::mainDirectory}courseScripts/List.pm"; 192 @Match::ISA = qw( List ); 193 194 # *** Subroutines which overload List.pm *** 195 196 #sends letters for comparison instead of actual answers 197 sub ra_correct_ans { 198 my $self = shift; 199 my @ans = &List::ALPHABET( @{$self->{inverted_shuffle}} ); 200 \@ans; 201 } 202 203 1;
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