Difference between revisions of "Autonomous solution sketch Flash Applet Sample Problem"
Bmargolius (talk | contribs) |
Bmargolius (talk | contribs) |
||
(11 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
</p> |
</p> |
||
<p style="background-color:#93BED2;border:black solid 1px;padding:3px;">This applet and WeBWorK problem are based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number DUE-0941388.</p> |
<p style="background-color:#93BED2;border:black solid 1px;padding:3px;">This applet and WeBWorK problem are based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number DUE-0941388.</p> |
||
− | <p style="background-color:#ffccff;border:black solid 1px;padding:3px;">Click here to see a problem like this in action: [https://testcourses.webwork.maa.org/webwork2/FlashAppletDemos/differentialEquations/26/? |
+ | <p style="background-color:#ffccff;border:black solid 1px;padding:3px;">Click here to see a problem like this in action: [https://testcourses.webwork.maa.org/webwork2/FlashAppletDemos/differentialEquations/26/?user=practice1&effectiveUser=practice1&key=zMDBULgyqcEAyZAZoJSZsDDCG6Fmf33g&displayMode=MathJax&showOldAnswers=0]</p> |
<p> |
<p> |
||
A standard WeBWorK PG file with an embedded applet has six sections: |
A standard WeBWorK PG file with an embedded applet has six sections: |
||
Line 153: | Line 153: | ||
$cdown = Compute("(-infinity,0)U(-$a/2,-$a)"); |
$cdown = Compute("(-infinity,0)U(-$a/2,-$a)"); |
||
$lim1 = Compute("0"); |
$lim1 = Compute("0"); |
||
− | $popup1 = PopUp(["?", "extinction", "equilibrium", |
+ | $popup1 = PopUp(["?", "extinction", "equilibrium", |
− | + | "explosive growth"], "extinction"); |
|
− | $ |
+ | $popup2 = PopUp(["?", "extinction", "equilibrium", |
+ | "explosive growth"], "explosive growth"); |
||
+ | $popup3 = PopUp(["?", "extinction", "equilibrium", |
||
+ | "explosive growth"], "equilibrium"); |
||
$inc = Compute("$I1 U $I3"); |
$inc = Compute("$I1 U $I3"); |
||
Line 161: | Line 161: | ||
$lim2 = Compute("infinity"); |
$lim2 = Compute("infinity"); |
||
− | $boardMessage = "Sketch three solutions to this |
+ | $boardMessage = "Sketch three solutions to this |
+ | differential equation using the information |
||
+ | given in the problem."; |
||
# applet adds a point for each error it detects. |
# applet adds a point for each error it detects. |
||
# It records 100 if the graphs are not drawn |
# It records 100 if the graphs are not drawn |
||
Line 168: | Line 168: | ||
#+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ |
#+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ |
||
# Designate characteristics of pink curve |
# Designate characteristics of pink curve |
||
− | # min is IC, max is ymax; concave up on ($IC,ymax); |
+ | # min is IC, max is ymax; concave up on ($IC,ymax); |
+ | # increasing on ($IC,ymax) |
||
# note intervals are in y not t |
# note intervals are in y not t |
||
$pinkICy = Compute("-$a+1"); |
$pinkICy = Compute("-$a+1"); |
||
Line 178: | Line 178: | ||
#+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ |
#+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ |
||
# Designate characteristics of blue curve |
# Designate characteristics of blue curve |
||
− | # min is IC, max is ymax; concave down on (0,$IC); |
+ | # min is IC, max is ymax; concave down on (0,$IC); |
+ | # decreasing on (0,$IC) |
||
# note intervals are in y not t |
# note intervals are in y not t |
||
$blueICy = Compute("-$a/2"); |
$blueICy = Compute("-$a/2"); |
||
Line 197: | Line 197: | ||
</pre> |
</pre> |
||
| <p> |
| <p> |
||
− | The GraphLimits.swf applet will accept four different question types, specified with the <code>$qtype</code> variable. These are: limits, continuity, first_derivative and second_derivative. This sample problem is set to 'limits'. |
||
+ | The sketch_3.swf applet requires the student to sketch three solution curves. The problem author specifies initial conditions, intervals of increase, intervals of decrease, intervals of concavity, and the maximum and minimum possible values of the curves. |
||
− | </p> |
||
− | <p> |
||
− | The applet has solution/hint information embedded in it. When <code>$hintState=0</code>, this information is not shown. When <code>$hintState=1</code>, this information is revealed. The <code>time</code> parameter tracks the current date and time. The conditional compares that to the due date for the problem set (in the <code>$dueDate</code> scalar variable) and sets <code>$hintState</code> to 1 if the due date has passed and leaves <code>$hintState</code> set to 0 if the assignment is not yet due. |
||
− | </p> |
||
− | <p> |
||
− | The four variables <code>$x1</code>, <code>$x2</code>, <code>$x3</code> and <code>$x4</code> are the x-coordinates of four points on the graph that the applet will set to be a removable discontinuity, a jump discontinuity or a cusp. The order of these phenomena is random as are the y-values chosen. The x-coordinates must be between -10 and 10. |
||
</p> |
</p> |
||
+ | |||
|- style=" background-color:#ccffff;" |
|- style=" background-color:#ccffff;" |
||
| <pre> |
| <pre> |
||
− | + | ################################### |
|
− | # |
+ | # Create link to applet |
− | # |
+ | ################################### |
− | + | $appletName = "sketch_3"; |
|
− | + | $applet = FlashApplet( |
|
− | + | codebase => findAppletCodebase("$appletName.swf"), |
|
− | + | appletName => $appletName, |
|
− | + | appletId => $appletName, |
|
− | + | setStateAlias => 'setXML', |
|
− | + | getStateAlias => 'getXML', |
|
− | + | setConfigAlias => 'setConfig', |
|
− | + | getConfigAlias => 'getConfig', |
|
− | + | maxInitializationAttempts => 5, # number of attempts to initialize applet |
|
− | + | answerBoxAlias => 'answerBox', |
|
− | + | height => '500', |
|
− | + | width => '650', |
|
− | + | bgcolor => '#ededed', |
|
− | + | debugMode => 0, |
|
− | + | submitActionScript => |
|
− | + | qq{getQE("answerBox").value=getApplet("$appletName").getAnswer() }, |
|
− | + | ); |
|
− | ####################################### |
||
− | # qType = limits |
||
− | # right_limits - returns a |
||
− | # list of points (a,b) |
||
− | # such that |
||
− | # lim_{x\to a^-}f(x)=b, |
||
− | # but |
||
− | # lim_{x\to a^+}f(x)\= b |
||
− | # left_limits - returns a |
||
− | # list of points (a,b) |
||
− | # such that |
||
− | # lim_{x\to a^+}f(x)=b, |
||
− | # but |
||
− | # lim_{x\to a^-}f(x)\= b |
||
− | # neither_limits - returns |
||
− | # a list of points (a,b) |
||
− | # such that |
||
− | # lim_{x\to a^-}f(x)\= |
||
− | # lim_{x\to a^+}f(x)\= |
||
− | # f(a)=b |
||
− | # get_intervals returns a |
||
− | # list of intervals on |
||
− | # which f(x) is continuous. |
||
− | # get_f_of_x - given x value, |
||
− | # returns f(x). |
||
− | # returns NaN for x notin |
||
− | # [-10,10]. |
||
− | # getf_list - given x value |
||
− | # and string returns |
||
− | # "function" - returns f(x) |
||
− | # "leftlimit" - returns |
||
− | # lim_{x->a^-}f(x) |
||
− | # "rightlimit" - returns |
||
− | # lim_{x->a^+}f(x) |
||
− | # "limit" - returns |
||
− | # lim_{x->a}f(x) or "DNE" |
||
</pre> |
</pre> |
||
| <p>This is the <strong>Applet link section</strong> of the problem. |
| <p>This is the <strong>Applet link section</strong> of the problem. |
||
</p><br> |
</p><br> |
||
<p> |
<p> |
||
− | + | You must include the section that |
|
− | the line with <code>#</code> |
||
− | are comments and can be omitted or |
||
− | replaced with comments appropriate |
||
− | to your particular problem. |
||
− | </p> |
||
− | |- style=" background-color:#ccffff;" |
||
− | | <pre> |
||
− | # |
||
− | # What does the applet do? |
||
− | # The applet draws a graph |
||
− | # with jumps, a cusp and |
||
− | # discontinuities |
||
− | # When turned on, there is |
||
− | # context sensitive help. |
||
− | ################################ |
||
− | ############################ |
||
− | # Create link to applet |
||
− | ############################ |
||
− | $appletName = "Graph_Limit"; |
||
− | $applet = FlashApplet( |
||
− | codebase |
||
− | => findAppletCodebase |
||
− | ("$appletName.swf"), |
||
− | appletName |
||
− | => $appletName, |
||
− | appletId |
||
− | => $appletName, |
||
− | setStateAlias |
||
− | => 'setXML', |
||
− | getStateAlias |
||
− | => 'getXML', |
||
− | setConfigAlias |
||
− | => 'setConfig', |
||
− | maxInitializationAttempts |
||
− | => 10, |
||
− | height |
||
− | => '475', |
||
− | width |
||
− | => '425', |
||
− | bgcolor |
||
− | => '#e8e8e8', |
||
− | debugMode |
||
− | => 0, |
||
− | submitActionScript |
||
− | => qq{ |
||
− | getQE("func").value=getApplet |
||
− | ("$appletName").getf_list($x1,"function"); |
||
− | getQE("rlimit").value=getApplet |
||
− | ("$appletName").getf_list($x2,"rightlimit"); |
||
− | getQE("llimit").value=getApplet |
||
− | ("$appletName").getf_list($x3,"leftlimit"); |
||
− | getQE("limit").value=getApplet |
||
− | ("$appletName").getf_list($x4,"limit"); |
||
− | }, |
||
− | ); |
||
− | </pre> |
||
− | | <p>You must include the section that |
||
follows <code># Create link to |
follows <code># Create link to |
||
applet</code>. If you are embedding |
applet</code>. If you are embedding |
||
− | a different applet, from the |
+ | a different applet, from the sketch_3 |
applet, put your applet name in place of |
applet, put your applet name in place of |
||
− | ' |
+ | 'sketch_3' in the line <code>$appletName =</code> |
− | <code> " |
+ | <code> "sketch_3";</code>. |
Enter the height of the applet |
Enter the height of the applet |
||
− | in the line <code>height => ' |
+ | in the line <code>height => '500',</code> |
− | in place of |
+ | in place of 500 and the width in the line |
− | <code>width => ' |
+ | <code>width => '650',</code> in place of 650. |
− | </p |
+ | </p> |
− | |||
− | <p>The code <code>qq{ </code><code> |
||
− | getQE("func").value=getApplet</code> |
||
− | <code>("$appletName").getf_list($x1,"function");</code><code> |
||
− | getQE("rlimit").value=getApplet</code> |
||
− | <code>("$appletName").getf_list($x2,"rightlimit");</code><code> |
||
− | getQE("llimit").value=getApplet</code> |
||
− | <code>("$appletName").getf_list($x3,"leftlimit");</code><code> |
||
− | getQE("limit").value=getApplet</code> |
||
− | <code>("$appletName").getf_list($x4,"limit");</code><code> |
||
− | }</code> |
||
− | is called when the 'Submit Answers' |
||
− | button in the problem is pressed. |
||
− | There is an external interface function |
||
− | designed inside the applet. The function |
||
− | name is 'getf_list'. These lines of code |
||
− | call the function with javascript. |
||
− | <code>getf_list</code>, takes two arguments: |
||
− | the x-coordinate of a point, and a string |
||
− | value. The string may be any of the |
||
− | following four alternatives: "function", |
||
− | "rightlimit", "leftlimit", "limit". |
||
− | <code>getf_list</code> returns either |
||
− | the value of the function at the x-coordinate, |
||
− | or the specified limit. The line <code> |
||
− | getQE("func").value=getApplet</code> |
||
− | <code>("$appletName").getf_list($x1,"function");</code> |
||
− | gets the value of the function at <code>$x1</code> |
||
− | and stores this value in the hidden javascript |
||
− | form field named "func".</p> |
||
|- style=" background-color:#ccffff;" |
|- style=" background-color:#ccffff;" |
||
| <pre> |
| <pre> |
||
− | ################################### |
||
+ | $config_string = <<"ENDCONFIG"; |
||
− | # Configure applet |
||
+ | <XML> |
||
− | ################################### |
||
+ | <boardMessage>$boardMessage</boardMessage> |
||
− | # configuration consists of |
||
+ | <xmin>0</xmin><xmax>13</xmax><ymin>-2</ymin><ymax>$ymax</ymax> |
||
− | # hintState, question type, and |
||
+ | <depVar>y</depVar><indVar>t</indVar> |
||
− | # random seed, and x-coordinates of |
||
+ | <showSolution>false</showSolution> |
||
− | # four points where jumps, |
||
+ | <blueIntervalsCup> |
||
− | # discontinuities or cusps |
||
+ | <interval left='0' right='$blueICy'></interval></blueIntervalsCup> |
||
− | # occur. |
||
+ | <blueIntervalsDec> |
||
− | $applet->configuration(qq{<xml> |
||
+ | <interval left='0' right='$blueICy'></interval> |
||
− | <hintState>$hintState</hintState> |
||
+ | </blueIntervalsDec> |
||
− | <qtype>limits</qtype> |
||
+ | <pinkIntervalsInc> |
||
− | <seed>$problemSeed</seed> |
||
+ | <interval left='$pinkICy' right='$ymax'></interval> |
||
− | <xlist x1='$x1' x2='$x2' |
||
+ | </pinkIntervalsInc> |
||
− | x3='$x3' x4='$x4' /></xml>}); |
||
+ | <pinkIntervalsCup> |
||
− | $applet->initialState(qq{<xml> |
||
+ | <interval left='$pinkICy' right='$ymax'></interval> |
||
− | <hintState>$hintState</hintState> |
||
+ | </pinkIntervalsCup> |
||
− | <qtype>limits</qtype> |
||
+ | <blueMax>$blueMax</blueMax> |
||
− | <seed>$problemSeed</seed> |
||
+ | <blueMin>$blueMin</blueMin> |
||
− | <xlist x1='$x1' x2='$x2' |
||
+ | <pinkMin>$pinkMin</pinkMin> |
||
− | x3='$x3' x4='$x4' /></xml>}); |
||
+ | <yellowMin>$yellowMin</yellowMin> |
||
− | |||
+ | <yellowMax>$yellowMax</yellowMax> |
||
− | TEXT( MODES(TeX=>'object code', |
||
+ | <pinkICy>$pinkICy</pinkICy> |
||
− | HTML=>$applet->insertAll( |
||
+ | <blueICy>$blueICy</blueICy> |
||
− | debug=>0, |
||
+ | <yellowICy>$yellowICy</yellowICy> |
||
− | includeAnswerBox=>0, |
||
+ | <pinkMaxX>0.2</pinkMaxX> |
||
− | ))); |
||
+ | </XML> |
||
− | |||
+ | ENDCONFIG |
||
− | TEXT(MODES(TeX=>"", HTML=><<'END_TEXT')); |
||
− | <input type="hidden" |
||
− | name="func" id="func" /> |
||
− | <input type="hidden" |
||
− | name="llimit" id="llimit" /> |
||
− | <input type="hidden" |
||
− | name="rlimit" id="rlimit" /> |
||
− | <input type="hidden" |
||
− | name="limit" id="limit" /> |
||
− | END_TEXT |
||
− | |||
− | $answerString1 = |
||
− | $inputs_ref->{func}; |
||
− | my $correctAnswer1 = |
||
− | Compute("$answerString1"); |
||
− | |||
− | $answerString2 = |
||
− | $inputs_ref->{rlimit}; |
||
− | my $correctAnswer2 = |
||
− | Compute("$answerString2"); |
||
− | |||
− | $answerString3 = |
||
− | $inputs_ref->{llimit}; |
||
− | my $correctAnswer3 = |
||
− | Compute("$answerString3"); |
||
− | |||
− | $answerString4 = |
||
− | $inputs_ref->{limit}; |
||
− | my $correctAnswer4 = |
||
− | Compute("$answerString4"); |
||
− | |||
+ | $applet->configuration($config_string); |
||
+ | $applet->initialState($config_string); |
||
</pre> |
</pre> |
||
− | | <p> The lines <code>$applet->configuration</code> |
||
+ | | <p> |
||
− | <code>(qq{<xml><hintState>$hintState</hintState></code> |
||
+ | The XML here conveys to the applet what each curve should look like. The code <code><pinkMaxX>0.2</pinkMaxX></code> specifies that the pink curve should cover at least 20% of the domain. The default is 100% and so is not specified for the blue or yellow curves which should go all the way across the graph. |
||
− | <code><qtype>$qtype</qtype></code> |
||
− | <code><seed>$problemSeed</seed></code> |
||
− | <code><xlist x1='$x1' x2='$x2'</code> |
||
− | <code> x3='$x3' x4='$x4' /></code> |
||
− | <code></xml>});</code> and <code>$applet</code> |
||
− | <code>->initialState</code><code>(qq{<xml></code> |
||
− | <code><hintState>$hintState</hintState></code> |
||
− | <code><qtype>$qtype</qtype></code><code><seed>$problemSeed</seed></code> |
||
− | <code><xlist x1='$x1' x2='$x2'</code><code> x3='$x3' x4='$x4' /></code> |
||
− | <code></xml>});</code> configure the applet. |
||
− | The configuration of the applet is done in xml. |
||
− | The hintState is set to the variable |
||
− | <code>$hintState</code>, the question type is set to |
||
− | <code>$qtype</code> and the problem seed is the |
||
− | WeBWorK environmental variable <code>$problemSeed</code>. |
||
− | The variables <code>$x1</code>, <code>$x2</code>, |
||
− | <code>$x3</code> and <code>$x4</code> are also |
||
− | passed to the applet. |
||
</p><br> |
</p><br> |
||
− | <p> |
||
− | The hidden form fields are created in the code block: |
||
− | <code> |
||
− | TEXT(MODES(TeX=>"", HTML=><<'END_TEXT')); |
||
− | <input type="hidden"</code> |
||
− | <code> name="func" id="func" /></code> |
||
− | <code> |
||
− | <input type="hidden"</code> |
||
− | <code> name="llimit" id="llimit" /></code> |
||
− | <code> |
||
− | <input type="hidden"</code> |
||
− | <code> name="rlimit" id="rlimit" /></code> |
||
− | <code> |
||
− | <input type="hidden"</code> |
||
− | <code> name="limit" id="limit" /></code> |
||
− | <code> |
||
− | END_TEXT |
||
− | </code> |
||
− | The line <code>TEXT(MODES(TeX=>"", HTML=><<'END_TEXT'));</code> |
||
− | prevents the hidden fields from becoming part of the hard copy. |
||
− | </p><br> |
||
− | |||
− | <p> |
||
− | <code>TEXT( MODES(TeX=>'object code',</code> |
||
− | <code> HTML=>$applet->insertAll(</code> |
||
− | <code> |
||
− | debug=>0,</code> |
||
− | <code> |
||
− | includeAnswerBox=>0,</code> |
||
− | <code> |
||
− | reinitialize_button=>$permissionLevel>=10,</code> |
||
− | <code> |
||
− | )));</code> actually embeds the applet |
||
− | in the WeBWorK problem. |
||
− | </p><br> |
||
− | <p>When the submit button is pressed, the |
||
− | hidden form fields defined in this block are |
||
− | filled with information from the applet. |
||
− | </p> |
||
− | <p> |
||
− | The data from the hidden form fields is used |
||
− | in these simple perl subroutines to define the |
||
− | correct answers to the four questions that are |
||
− | part of this WeBWorK problem.</p> |
||
− | <p>The WeBWorK variable $answerString1 is the |
||
− | content of the hidden form field "func". |
||
− | $correctAnswer1 is the solution to the first |
||
− | question. The solutions for the next two |
||
− | questions are defined in a similar way. |
||
− | The final question also has 'DNE' as a possible |
||
− | correct answer for the student to enter. The |
||
− | way that the applet is designed, the left and |
||
− | right limits always exist.</p> |
||
|- style=" background-color:#ccffff;" |
|- style=" background-color:#ccffff;" |
||
| <pre> |
| <pre> |
||
Line 399: | Line 294: | ||
|- style=" background-color:#ffdddd;" |
|- style=" background-color:#ffdddd;" |
||
| <pre> |
| <pre> |
||
+ | ############################################################## |
||
+ | # |
||
+ | # Text |
||
+ | # |
||
+ | # |
||
+ | |||
+ | Context()->texStrings; |
||
BEGIN_TEXT |
BEGIN_TEXT |
||
+ | Even before you learn techniques for solving differential |
||
+ | equations, you may be able to analyze equations $BITALIC |
||
+ | qualitatively$EITALIC. As an example, look at the |
||
+ | nonlinear equation \(\frac{dy}{dt}=$expr.\) You are |
||
+ | going to analyze the solutions, \(y\), of this equation |
||
+ | without actually finding them. You will be asked to |
||
+ | sketch three solutions of the differential equation on |
||
+ | the graph below based on qualitative information from |
||
+ | the differential equation. |
||
$BR |
$BR |
||
− | The graph shown is for the |
||
− | function \(f(x)\). |
||
− | $BR Compute the following |
||
− | quantities: |
||
$BR |
$BR |
||
− | a) |
||
+ | In what follows, picture the \(t-\)axis running |
||
− | \(f($x1)=\) |
||
+ | horizontally and the \(y-\)axis running vertically. |
||
− | \{ans_rule(35) \} |
||
+ | $BR$BR |
||
+ | |||
+ | a) For what values of \(y\) is the graph of \(y\) as |
||
+ | a function of \(t\) increasing? Use interval notation |
||
+ | for your answer. \{ AnswerFormatHelp("intervals") \} |
||
+ | \{ ans_rule(20) \}$BR |
||
+ | $BR |
||
$BR |
$BR |
||
− | b) |
||
− | \(\lim_{x\to {$x2}^+}f(x)=\) |
||
− | \{ans_rule(35) \} |
||
+ | b) For what values of \(y\) is the graph of \(y\) |
||
+ | concave up? \{ ans_rule(20) \} |
||
+ | \{AnswerFormatHelp("intervals") \} $BR |
||
+ | For what values of \(y\) is it concave down? |
||
+ | \{ ans_rule(20) \} \{AnswerFormatHelp("intervals") \} |
||
+ | $BR |
||
+ | What information do you need to answer a question about |
||
+ | concavity? Remember that \(y\) is an implicit function |
||
+ | of \(t\). $BR |
||
+ | $BR |
||
$BR |
$BR |
||
− | c) |
||
− | \(\lim_{x\to {$x3}^-}f(x)=\) |
||
− | \{ans_rule(35) \} |
||
+ | c) Say you are given the initial condition |
||
+ | \(y(0)=$blueICy\). Use the information found in parts |
||
+ | (a) and (b) to sketch the graph of \(y\) in the applet |
||
+ | provided. Draw the curve in |
||
+ | $BBOLD\{ BBLUE() \} blue\{ EBLUE() \}$EBOLD. |
||
+ | What is the $BITALIC long-term$EITALIC behavior of |
||
+ | \(y(t)\)? That is, what is \(\lim_{t\to\infty}y(t)\)? |
||
+ | \{ ans_rule(10) \}$BR |
||
$BR |
$BR |
||
− | d) |
||
+ | END_TEXT |
||
− | \(\lim_{x\to {$x4}}f(x)=\) |
||
+ | TEXT( MODES(TeX=>'object code', HTML=>$applet->insertAll( |
||
− | \{ans_rule(35) \} |
||
+ | debug=>0, |
||
+ | includeAnswerBox=>1, |
||
+ | # reinitialize_button=>$permissionLevel>=10, |
||
+ | ))); |
||
+ | BEGIN_TEXT |
||
+ | $BR$BR |
||
+ | |||
+ | d) Say you are given the initial condition |
||
+ | \(y(0)=$pinkICy\). Use the information found |
||
+ | in parts (a) and (b) to sketch the graph of \(y\). |
||
+ | Draw the curve on the applet used in part (c). |
||
+ | Draw the curve in $BBOLD\{ BPINK() \}pink |
||
+ | \{ EPINK() \}$EBOLD(pink). What is the |
||
+ | $BITALIC long-term$EITALIC behavior of |
||
+ | \(y(t)\)? That is, what is |
||
+ | \(\lim_{t\to\infty}y(t)\)? \{ ans_rule(10) \}$BR |
||
$BR |
$BR |
||
+ | $BR |
||
+ | |||
+ | e) Sketch the graph of \(y\) if \(y(0)=$yellowICy\). |
||
+ | (Look at the original equation.) Sketch this curve in |
||
+ | $BBOLD\{ BYELLOW() \}yellow\{ EYELLOW() \} |
||
+ | $EBOLD(yellow). $BR |
||
+ | $BR |
||
+ | $BR |
||
+ | |||
+ | f) If \(y(t)\) represents the population of |
||
+ | some animal species, and if units on the \(y-\)axis |
||
+ | are in thousands, interpret the results of (c), |
||
+ | (d) and (e). |
||
+ | $BR |
||
+ | The solution to part (c) (sketched in |
||
+ | $BBOLD\{ BBLUE() \} blue\{ EBLUE() \} |
||
+ | $EBOLD) represents: \{ $popup1->menu() \}$BR |
||
+ | $BR |
||
+ | The solution to part (d) (sketched in |
||
+ | $BBOLD\{ BPINK() \}pink\{ EPINK() \} |
||
+ | $EBOLD)(pink) represents: \{ $popup2->menu() \}$BR |
||
+ | $BR |
||
+ | The solution to part (e) (sketched in |
||
+ | $BBOLD\{ BYELLOW() \}yellow\{ EYELLOW() \} |
||
+ | $EBOLD(yellow)) represents: \{ $popup3->menu() \}$BR |
||
+ | $BR |
||
+ | |||
+ | Adapted from $BITALIC A Modern Introduction to |
||
+ | Differential Equations, 2nd Ed., $EITALIC |
||
+ | Henry J. Ricardo, 2009. |
||
+ | |||
END_TEXT |
END_TEXT |
||
− | Context()->normalStrings; |
||
+ | |||
</pre> |
</pre> |
||
| <p> |
| <p> |
||
This is the <strong>text section</strong> |
This is the <strong>text section</strong> |
||
− | of the problem. The |
+ | of the problem. The <code>Context()->texStrings</code> |
− | <code>TEXT(beginproblem());</code> line |
||
− | displays a header for the problem, and |
||
− | the <code>Context()->texStrings</code> |
||
line sets how formulas are displayed in the |
line sets how formulas are displayed in the |
||
text, and we reset this after the text section. |
text, and we reset this after the text section. |
||
Line 459: | Line 430: | ||
|- style=" background-color:#eeccff;" |
|- style=" background-color:#eeccff;" |
||
| <pre> |
| <pre> |
||
− | ############################# |
||
+ | Context()->normalStrings; |
||
+ | |||
+ | ############################################################## |
||
# |
# |
||
# Answers |
# Answers |
||
# |
# |
||
− | ## answer evaluators |
||
+ | # |
||
− | ANS( |
+ | ANS($inc->cmp); |
− | + | ANS($cup->cmp); |
|
− | ANS( |
+ | ANS($cdown->cmp); |
− | #checks AnSwEr00002 |
||
− | ANS( $correctAnswer3->cmp() ); |
||
− | #checks AnSwEr00003 |
||
− | ANS(num_cmp($correctAnswer4, |
||
− | strings=>['DNE'])); |
||
− | #checks AnSwEr00004 |
||
+ | ANS($lim1->cmp); |
||
+ | NAMED_ANS('answerBox'=>$ans->cmp()); |
||
− | ENDDOCUMENT(); |
||
+ | ANS($lim2->cmp); |
||
+ | ANS( $popup1->cmp() ); |
||
+ | ANS( $popup2->cmp() ); |
||
+ | ANS( $popup3->cmp() ); |
||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | COMMENT('This problem requires that Flash be enabled |
||
+ | on your device. Click try it to see what students will see.'); |
||
+ | |||
+ | ENDDOCUMENT(); |
||
</pre> |
</pre> |
||
| <p> |
| <p> |
||
This is the <strong>answer</strong> |
This is the <strong>answer</strong> |
||
− | section of the problem. The |
+ | section of the problem. The answer to |
− | + | the applet portion of the problem is |
|
− | + | evaluated by the line |
|
− | <code> |
+ | <code>NAMED_ANS('answerBox'=>$ans->cmp());</code>. |
− | + | Other <code>ANS</code> lines pertain to the |
|
− | + | answer blanks appearing in the problem. |
|
− | + | The answer evaluators are in the order |
|
− | + | of the corresponding blanks in the problem. |
|
− | answers returned from the applet. Answers 1-3 |
||
− | follow the same basic structure. The fourth |
||
− | answer allows for either a numeric answer or |
||
− | the string 'DNE' for limits that do not exist. |
||
</p> |
</p> |
||
− | <p> |
||
+ | <p>The <code>COMMENT</code> line warns the instructor |
||
− | The solution is embedded in the applet and |
||
+ | using the OPL that this problem requires Flash. |
||
− | + | Flash is available for virtually any desktop |
|
+ | or laptop, but is not available in a practical |
||
+ | way for most mobile devices. |
||
</p> |
</p> |
||
<p> |
<p> |
||
Line 492: | Line 476: | ||
</p> |
</p> |
||
|} |
|} |
||
+ | ==The complete error message for the sketch shown== |
||
+ | <p> |
||
+ | Your sketch of the pink curve is not consistent with the differential equation. For at least one y-value, you are showing a solution with more than one slope for the tangent line.</p> |
||
+ | <p> |
||
+ | The pink curve contains some points that are either larger or smaller than is possible with the given differential equation and initial condition.</p> |
||
+ | <p> |
||
+ | The pink is not increasing for all values of y for which the derivative is positive. Erase your pink sketch and try again being sure to sketch an increasing graph for those values of y for which the derivative is positive.</p> |
||
+ | <p> |
||
+ | The pink curve is not concave up for all values of y for which the second derivative is positive. For minor errors in concavity, you may be able to correct the graph by pressing the smooth button several times. Otherwise, erase your pink sketch and try again being sure to sketch a concave up graph for those values of y for which the second derivative is positive.</p> |
||
+ | <p> |
||
+ | The yellow curve contains some points that are either larger or smaller than is possible with the given differential equation and initial condition. |
||
+ | </p> |
||
+ | <p> |
||
+ | The blue and yellow curves intersect. Think about why this is impossible for the given differential equation, and redraw your graphs. (Hint: what is the derivative equal to at the y-value where the graphs intersect. Do both curves appear consistent with this derivative value?) |
||
+ | </p> |
||
+ | |||
+ | == License == |
||
+ | |||
+ | The Flash applets developed under DUE-0941388 are protected under the following license: |
||
+ | [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License]. |
||
+ | |||
+ | [[Category:Sample Problems]] |
||
+ | [[Category:Applets]] |
||
+ | [[Category:Problem_Techniques]] |
||
+ | [[Category:Flash Applets]] |
Latest revision as of 11:03, 10 August 2013
Contents
Flash Applets embedded in WeBWorK questions Autonomous solution sketch Example
Sample Problem with sketch_3.swf embedded
This sample problem shows how to use this versatile applet.
This applet and WeBWorK problem are based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number DUE-0941388.
Click here to see a problem like this in action: [1]
A standard WeBWorK PG file with an embedded applet has six sections:
- A tagging and description section, that describes the problem for future users and authors,
- An initialization section, that loads required macros for the problem,
- A problem set-up section that sets variables specific to the problem,
- An Applet link section that inserts the applet and configures it, (this section is not present in WeBWorK problems without an embedded applet)
- A text section, that gives the text that is shown to the student, and
- An answer and solution section, that specifies how the answer(s) to the problem is(are) marked for correctness, and gives a solution that may be shown to the student after the problem set is complete.
The sample file attached to this page shows this; below the file is shown to the left, with a second column on its right that explains the different parts of the problem that are indicated above. A screenshot of the applet embedded in this WeBWorK problem is shown below:
There are other problems using applets:
Derivative Graph Matching Flash Applet Sample Problem
GraphSketch Flash Applet Sample Problem 1
USub Applet Sample Problem
trigwidget Applet Sample Problem
solidsWW Flash Applet Sample Problem 1
solidsWW Flash Applet Sample Problem 2
solidsWW Flash Applet Sample Problem 3
Hint Applet (Trigonometric Substitution) Sample Problem
phasePortrait Flash Applet Sample Problem 1
Other useful links:
Flash Applets Tutorial
Things to consider in developing WeBWorK problems with embedded Flash applets
PG problem file | Explanation |
---|---|
##DESCRIPTION ## Sketch autonomous solutions to polynomial differential equation ##ENDDESCRIPTION ##KEYWORDS('logistic', 'population') ## DBsubject('Differential Equations') ## DBchapter('Introduction') ## DBsection('Autonomous Differential Equations') ## Date('8/9/2013') ## Author('L. Felipe Martins') ## Author('Barbara Margolius') ## Institution('Cleveland State University') ## TitleText1('Differential Equations') ## EditionText1('2') ## AuthorText1('Ricardo') ## Chapter('1') ## Problem1('1_1') ########################################### # This work is supported in part by # the National Science Foundation # under the grant DUE-0941388. ########################################### |
This is the tagging and description section of the problem. Note that any line that begins with a "#" character is a comment for other authors who read the problem, and is not interpreted by WeBWorK. The description is provided to give a quick summary of the problem so that someone reading it later knows what it does without having to read through all of the problem code. All of the tagging information exists to allow the problem to be easily indexed. Because this is a sample problem there isn't a textbook per se, and we've used some default tagging values. There is an on-line list of current chapter and section names and a similar list of keywords. The list of keywords should be comma separated and quoted (e.g., KEYWORDS('calculus','derivatives')). |
DOCUMENT(); loadMacros( "PGstandard.pl", # Standard macros for PG language "MathObjects.pl", "parserPopUp.pl", "AppletObjects.pl", "AnswerFormatHelp.pl", "PGasu.pl", ); sub BPINK { MODES(TeX => '{\\color{pink} ', HTML => '<span style="color:pink">'); }; sub EPINK { MODES( TeX => '}', HTML => '</span>'); }; sub BBLUE { MODES(TeX => '{\\color{blue} ', HTML => '<span style="color:blue">'); }; sub EBLUE { MODES( TeX => '}', HTML => '</span>'); }; sub BYELLOW { MODES(TeX => '{\\color{yellow} ', HTML => '<span style="color:yellow">'); }; sub EYELLOW { MODES( TeX => '}', HTML => '</span>'); }; # Print problem number and point value (weight) for the problem TEXT(beginproblem()); # Show which answers are correct and which ones are incorrect $showPartialCorrectAnswers = 1; |
This is the initialization section of the problem. The first executed line of the problem must be the
The |
############################################################## # # Setup # # Context("Numeric"); Context()->variables->add(y=>"Real"); $a = -random(1,4,1); $expr = Formula("y*(y+$a)")->reduce(); $ymax = Compute("-$a+4"); $I1=Compute("(-infinity,0)"); $I2=Compute("(0,-$a)"); $I3=Compute("(-$a,infinity)"); $cup = Compute("(0,-$a/2)U(-$a,infinity)"); $cdown = Compute("(-infinity,0)U(-$a/2,-$a)"); $lim1 = Compute("0"); $popup1 = PopUp(["?", "extinction", "equilibrium", "explosive growth"], "extinction"); $popup2 = PopUp(["?", "extinction", "equilibrium", "explosive growth"], "explosive growth"); $popup3 = PopUp(["?", "extinction", "equilibrium", "explosive growth"], "equilibrium"); $inc = Compute("$I1 U $I3"); $lim2 = Compute("infinity"); $boardMessage = "Sketch three solutions to this differential equation using the information given in the problem."; # applet adds a point for each error it detects. # It records 100 if the graphs are not drawn $ans = Compute("0"); #+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ # Designate characteristics of pink curve # min is IC, max is ymax; concave up on ($IC,ymax); # increasing on ($IC,ymax) # note intervals are in y not t $pinkICy = Compute("-$a+1"); $pinkIntervalsIncLow = $pinkICy; $pinkIntervalsIncHigh = $ymax; $pinkIntervalsCupLow = $pinkICy; $pinkIntervalsCupHigh = $ymax; $pinkMin = $pinkICy; #+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ # Designate characteristics of blue curve # min is IC, max is ymax; concave down on (0,$IC); # decreasing on (0,$IC) # note intervals are in y not t $blueICy = Compute("-$a/2"); $blueIntervalsDecLow = 0; $blueIntervalsIncHigh = $blueICy; $blueIntervalsCupLow = 0; $blueIntervalsCupHigh = $blueICy; $blueMax = $blueICy; $blueMin = 0; #+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ # Designate characteristics of blue curve # min is IC, max is IC; horizontal line # note intervals are in y not t $yellowICy = Compute("-$a"); $yellowMax = $yellowICy; $yellowMin = $yellowICy; |
The sketch_3.swf applet requires the student to sketch three solution curves. The problem author specifies initial conditions, intervals of increase, intervals of decrease, intervals of concavity, and the maximum and minimum possible values of the curves. |
################################### # Create link to applet ################################### $appletName = "sketch_3"; $applet = FlashApplet( codebase => findAppletCodebase("$appletName.swf"), appletName => $appletName, appletId => $appletName, setStateAlias => 'setXML', getStateAlias => 'getXML', setConfigAlias => 'setConfig', getConfigAlias => 'getConfig', maxInitializationAttempts => 5, # number of attempts to initialize applet answerBoxAlias => 'answerBox', height => '500', width => '650', bgcolor => '#ededed', debugMode => 0, submitActionScript => qq{getQE("answerBox").value=getApplet("$appletName").getAnswer() }, ); |
This is the Applet link section of the problem.
You must include the section that
follows |
$config_string = <<"ENDCONFIG"; <XML> <boardMessage>$boardMessage</boardMessage> <xmin>0</xmin><xmax>13</xmax><ymin>-2</ymin><ymax>$ymax</ymax> <depVar>y</depVar><indVar>t</indVar> <showSolution>false</showSolution> <blueIntervalsCup> <interval left='0' right='$blueICy'></interval></blueIntervalsCup> <blueIntervalsDec> <interval left='0' right='$blueICy'></interval> </blueIntervalsDec> <pinkIntervalsInc> <interval left='$pinkICy' right='$ymax'></interval> </pinkIntervalsInc> <pinkIntervalsCup> <interval left='$pinkICy' right='$ymax'></interval> </pinkIntervalsCup> <blueMax>$blueMax</blueMax> <blueMin>$blueMin</blueMin> <pinkMin>$pinkMin</pinkMin> <yellowMin>$yellowMin</yellowMin> <yellowMax>$yellowMax</yellowMax> <pinkICy>$pinkICy</pinkICy> <blueICy>$blueICy</blueICy> <yellowICy>$yellowICy</yellowICy> <pinkMaxX>0.2</pinkMaxX> </XML> ENDCONFIG $applet->configuration($config_string); $applet->initialState($config_string); |
The XML here conveys to the applet what each curve should look like. The code |
TEXT(MODES(TeX=>"", HTML=><<'END_TEXT')); <script> if (navigator.appVersion.indexOf("MSIE") > 0) { document.write("<div width='3in' align='center' style='background:yellow'> You seem to be using Internet Explorer. <br/>It is recommended that another browser be used to view this page.</div>"); } </script> END_TEXT |
The text between the |
############################################################## # # Text # # Context()->texStrings; BEGIN_TEXT Even before you learn techniques for solving differential equations, you may be able to analyze equations $BITALIC qualitatively$EITALIC. As an example, look at the nonlinear equation \(\frac{dy}{dt}=$expr.\) You are going to analyze the solutions, \(y\), of this equation without actually finding them. You will be asked to sketch three solutions of the differential equation on the graph below based on qualitative information from the differential equation. $BR $BR In what follows, picture the \(t-\)axis running horizontally and the \(y-\)axis running vertically. $BR$BR a) For what values of \(y\) is the graph of \(y\) as a function of \(t\) increasing? Use interval notation for your answer. \{ AnswerFormatHelp("intervals") \} \{ ans_rule(20) \}$BR $BR $BR b) For what values of \(y\) is the graph of \(y\) concave up? \{ ans_rule(20) \} \{AnswerFormatHelp("intervals") \} $BR For what values of \(y\) is it concave down? \{ ans_rule(20) \} \{AnswerFormatHelp("intervals") \} $BR What information do you need to answer a question about concavity? Remember that \(y\) is an implicit function of \(t\). $BR $BR $BR c) Say you are given the initial condition \(y(0)=$blueICy\). Use the information found in parts (a) and (b) to sketch the graph of \(y\) in the applet provided. Draw the curve in $BBOLD\{ BBLUE() \} blue\{ EBLUE() \}$EBOLD. What is the $BITALIC long-term$EITALIC behavior of \(y(t)\)? That is, what is \(\lim_{t\to\infty}y(t)\)? \{ ans_rule(10) \}$BR $BR END_TEXT TEXT( MODES(TeX=>'object code', HTML=>$applet->insertAll( debug=>0, includeAnswerBox=>1, # reinitialize_button=>$permissionLevel>=10, ))); BEGIN_TEXT $BR$BR d) Say you are given the initial condition \(y(0)=$pinkICy\). Use the information found in parts (a) and (b) to sketch the graph of \(y\). Draw the curve on the applet used in part (c). Draw the curve in $BBOLD\{ BPINK() \}pink \{ EPINK() \}$EBOLD(pink). What is the $BITALIC long-term$EITALIC behavior of \(y(t)\)? That is, what is \(\lim_{t\to\infty}y(t)\)? \{ ans_rule(10) \}$BR $BR $BR e) Sketch the graph of \(y\) if \(y(0)=$yellowICy\). (Look at the original equation.) Sketch this curve in $BBOLD\{ BYELLOW() \}yellow\{ EYELLOW() \} $EBOLD(yellow). $BR $BR $BR f) If \(y(t)\) represents the population of some animal species, and if units on the \(y-\)axis are in thousands, interpret the results of (c), (d) and (e). $BR The solution to part (c) (sketched in $BBOLD\{ BBLUE() \} blue\{ EBLUE() \} $EBOLD) represents: \{ $popup1->menu() \}$BR $BR The solution to part (d) (sketched in $BBOLD\{ BPINK() \}pink\{ EPINK() \} $EBOLD)(pink) represents: \{ $popup2->menu() \}$BR $BR The solution to part (e) (sketched in $BBOLD\{ BYELLOW() \}yellow\{ EYELLOW() \} $EBOLD(yellow)) represents: \{ $popup3->menu() \}$BR $BR Adapted from $BITALIC A Modern Introduction to Differential Equations, 2nd Ed., $EITALIC Henry J. Ricardo, 2009. END_TEXT |
This is the text section
of the problem. The
Mathematical equations are delimited by
There are a number of variables that set
formatting: |
Context()->normalStrings; ############################################################## # # Answers # # ANS($inc->cmp); ANS($cup->cmp); ANS($cdown->cmp); ANS($lim1->cmp); NAMED_ANS('answerBox'=>$ans->cmp()); ANS($lim2->cmp); ANS( $popup1->cmp() ); ANS( $popup2->cmp() ); ANS( $popup3->cmp() ); COMMENT('This problem requires that Flash be enabled on your device. Click try it to see what students will see.'); ENDDOCUMENT(); |
This is the answer
section of the problem. The answer to
the applet portion of the problem is
evaluated by the line
The
The |
The complete error message for the sketch shown
Your sketch of the pink curve is not consistent with the differential equation. For at least one y-value, you are showing a solution with more than one slope for the tangent line.
The pink curve contains some points that are either larger or smaller than is possible with the given differential equation and initial condition.
The pink is not increasing for all values of y for which the derivative is positive. Erase your pink sketch and try again being sure to sketch an increasing graph for those values of y for which the derivative is positive.
The pink curve is not concave up for all values of y for which the second derivative is positive. For minor errors in concavity, you may be able to correct the graph by pressing the smooth button several times. Otherwise, erase your pink sketch and try again being sure to sketch a concave up graph for those values of y for which the second derivative is positive.
The yellow curve contains some points that are either larger or smaller than is possible with the given differential equation and initial condition.
The blue and yellow curves intersect. Think about why this is impossible for the given differential equation, and redraw your graphs. (Hint: what is the derivative equal to at the y-value where the graphs intersect. Do both curves appear consistent with this derivative value?)
License
The Flash applets developed under DUE-0941388 are protected under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License.