Classlist Files
The classlist file is the interchange format used by WeBWorK for user data. Classlist files end in .lst and reside in the course templates directory. Classlist files are a convenient way to add a large number of students to a course at once. The "import users from file" function of the Classlist Editor imports users from classlist files and creates user accounts on the WeBWorK server.
When you use the Classlist Editor to export users to a file, a classlist file is created. You can also create classlist files with a spreadsheet such as Excel by saving the file as a "CSV (comma delimited)" file. Classlists can be transferred to and from your workstation using the File Manager.
The nomenclature is somewhat confusing. Each WeBWorK course has an internal "classlist", which is stored in the WeBWorK database, not in a classlist file. So there are two things called "classlist" -- a course's internal "classlist", which is used by WeBWorK on a day-to-day basis to keep track of the users who are actually "in" the course, and zero or more "classlist files", which are kept in the templates directory and only used for import/export.
Contents
Format of classlist files
The class list file is a text file whose structure is as follows:
- Every line is a separate record with fields separated by a comma (",").
- No field may contain a comma.
- There are no header lines in the file.
- Lines that start with a
#sign are ignored. - Empty lines are ignored, as are lines that contain only whitespace.
- Whitespace at the beginning and end of fields are stripped on import.
The order of the fields in a line is the order they appear in the following table, i.e. student_id, last_name, etc. The numbers/letters are given to save on counting, with the letter to help with the standard for spreadsheet column labeling.
The fields are defined as follows:
| 1=A | student_id | Normally a student's school ID. It is included in scoring output to help you correlate students with your institution's records. It must either be unique or blank. |
| 2=B | last_name | Student's last name. Can be left blank. |
| 3=C | first_name | Student's first name. Can be left blank. Use this field for middle name or initial as well if desired. |
| 4=D | status | An abbreviation denoting the student's status in the course. See below for more information on allowed values. |
| 5=E | comment | A free-form field for comments. Will be stored and displayed in the Classlist Editor. |
| 6=F | section | The name of the section the student is enrolled in. Can be left blank. |
| 7=G | recitation | The name of the recitation the student is enrolled in. Can be left blank. |
| 8=H | email_address | The student's email address. Used when sending mail to the class and as the sender address when the student sends feedback mail. Can be left blank. |
| 9=I | user_id | Also known as the "login name". The identifier that the student uses to log in. This must be unique and can contain only letters, digits, hyphen (-), period (.), and underscore (_). Cannot be left blank. |
| 10=J | password | The crypted password for the student. If this field is blank, then the $fallback_password_source configuration variable will be used to determine what to set as the initial password. See below for information on crypting passwords and using the $fallback_password_source variable.
|
| 11=K | permission | The permission level of the student. If this field is blank, the permission will be set to 0 (i.e. student). See below for information on permission levels. |
| 12=L | plaintext password (optional) | If this field is present and the password field is blank then its contents will be used as the default password for the new user (available as of WeBWorK 2.19). |
Status details
The status field in a classlist file contains an abbreviation representing the student's status in the course. By default, the following abbreviation are defined in WeBWorK 2.18 and later:
C, c, current, and enrolled mean that the student is enrolled in the course.
A, a, and audit mean that the student is auditing the course. That is, the student is not included in scoring output.
O, o, and observer mean that the user is active, but should not be graded in the course. This should be used for all users other than students (e.g. instructors, TAs, librarians, etc.). These users will not be included in scoring output, but can still have access to all aspects of the course (depending on their permission level).
D, d, drop, and withdraw mean that a student has dropped the course. The student is not allowed to log in, is not assigned homeworks, and is not included in sent email or scoring output.
P, p, and proctor
Statuses are fully customizable in localOverrides.conf.
If the status abbreviation field is blank, WeBWorK will set the status to C automatically when importing a classlist file.
Password details
The password field in a classlist file contains the crypted form of the password.
If the password field in a classlist file is left blank then the plaintext password field will be used. If this is also blank then the behaviour will depend on the value of the $fallback_password_source variable, which can be set in localOverrides.conf:
- If
$fallback_password_sourceis blank or 0, then no password will be set for the user. This is useful if you are using an external authentication system (e.g. LTI, LDAP, AD, Shibboleth). - If
$fallback_password_sourceis one of 'user_id', 'first_name', 'last_name' or 'student_id', then that field will be set to the default password. Setting$fallback_password_sourceto 'user_id' will replicate the behaviour from versions of WeBWorK prior to 2.19, where the password was always set to the student_id if the crypted password was blank.
crypt is a one-way hashing function that allows passwords to be stored more securely than if the plaintext version was stored. Since WeBWorK only stores crypted passwords, classlists exported by WeBWorK will contain crypted passwords. To make classlist importing compatible with exported classlists, the crypted form is required in imported classlists.
WARNING: The lines below were apparently valid until WeBWorK 2.9. From WeBWorK 2.10 and on - the manner in which passwords are encrypted was changed (https://github.com/openwebwork/webwork2/commit/5226b4d9c4644de47cc549429eb627517857707b) and the code below will not create valid passwords.
OUTDATED: To crypt a password, use the following perl one-liner:
perl -e 'while(1){print"plaintext? ";<>;chomp;print"crypted: ".crypt($_,join"",(".","/",0..9,"A".."Z","a".."z")[rand 64,rand 64])."\n"}'
OUTDATED: You can also create a classlist file with plaintext passwords, and then use the following perl one-liner to crypt them:
perl -pe '@a=split",";$a[9]and$a[9]=crypt($a[9],join"",(".","/",0..9,"A".."Z","a".."z")[rand 64,rand 64]);$_=join",",@a' < plaintext.lst > crypted.lst
The original classlist will be read from plaintext.lst, and the converted classlist will be output to crypted.lst.
New script: A new script to encrypt classlist files which should work with current versions is available at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openwebwork/webwork2/82052465024ba9ea27dba62cc604f92294501105/bin/crypt_passwords_in_classlist.pl and was submitted to the project codebase in https://github.com/openwebwork/webwork2/pull/1461 . The script and was written to be usable without needing to install WeBWorK, and should work anywhere Perl in installed.
Permission level details
The permission field in a classlist file is a number representing the operations that a user is allowed to perform. The default permission levels are defined in defaults.config.
In WeBWorK 2.4.0 and later they are:
| -5 | guest |
| 0 | student |
| 2 | login_proctor |
| 3 | grade_proctor |
| 5 | ta |
| 10 | professor |
| 20 | admin |
Take a look at the %permissionLevels hash in defaults.config for details of the operations that can be performed at each permission level. Both the list of roles and the associated permissions can be customized by editing the localOverrides.conf file.
The login_proctor, and grade_proctor permission levels are used in proctored tests. For more information about proctors and tests, see Gateway Tests and Quizzes.
If the permission field is left blank, it will be set to 0. (This is also configurable in global.conf.)
Example classlist
The fields for a classlist file appear in the order
| A = 1 | B = 2 | C = 3 | D = 4 | E = 5 | F = 6 | G = 7 | H = 8 | I = 9 | J = 10 | K = 11 |
| student_id | last_name | first_name | status | comment | section | recitation | email_address | user_id | password (crypted) | permission |
In this example the password and permission fields are left blank (which is a standard practice for initial classlists). The student's initial password will be set to the student_id and their permission level will be set to 0 (student).
000-00-000a ,PRACTICE1 , ,C , ,Pizer , , ,practice1 000-00-000b ,PRACTICE2 , ,C , ,Pizer , , ,practice2 000-00-000c ,PRACTICE3 , ,C , ,Pizer , , ,practice3 000-00-000d ,PRACTICE4 , ,C , , , , ,practice4 000-00-000e ,PROBLEM ,RANDOM ,C , ,Gage , , ,practice5 000-00-000f ,PRACTICE6 , ,C , ,Gage , , ,practice6 000-00-000g ,PRACTICE7 , ,C , ,Gage , , ,practice7 000-00-000h ,PRACTICE8 , ,D , ,Gage , , ,practice8 000-00-000i ,PRACTICE9 , ,D , ,Pizer , , ,practice9 111-11-1111 ,PIZER ,ARNOLD ,C , ,Pizer , Rec. 1 ,apizer@math.rochester.edu ,apizer 222-22-2222 ,DOUGLASS ,SCOTT ,C , ,Pizer , Rec. 1 ,douglass@math.rochester.edu ,douglass 333-33-3333 ,MOUSSA ,BASEM ,C , ,Pizer , Rec. 1 ,moussa@math.rochester.edu ,moussa 444-44-4444 ,GAGE ,MIKE ,C , ,Gage , Rec. 1 ,gage@math.rochester.edu ,gage 010-01-0100 ,CABOTT ,JOHN ,C ,9/4/96 ,Gage , Rec. 2 ,jc001f@uhura.cc.rochester.edu ,jc001f 020-02-0200 ,BONET ,JANE ,C ,9/11/96 ,Gage , Rec. 2 ,jb004f@uhura.cc.rochester.edu ,jb004f 030-03-0300 ,HOYER ,MARK ,C , ,Gage , Rec. 2 ,mh010f@uhura.cc.rochester.edu ,mh010f 040-04-0400 ,RICHARD ,JOAN ,C , ,Pizer , Rec. 2 ,jr001f@uhura.cc.rochester.edu ,jr001f 060-06-0600 ,ROBERTS ,HAL ,C , ,Pizer , Rec. 3 ,hr002f@uhura.cc.rochester.edu ,hr002f 070-07-0700 ,MUELSON ,JOY ,C , ,Pizer , Rec. 3 ,jm002e@uhura.cc.rochester.edu ,jm002e 050-05-0500 ,SAMSON ,WENDY ,C , ,Pizer , Rec. 3 ,wsamson@frontiernet.net ,050-05-0500 080-08-0800 ,THOMAS ,SALLY ,audit , ,Gage , Rec. 4 ,st008c@uhura.cc.rochester.edu ,st008c 090-09-0900 ,SMITH ,DAVID ,DROP , ,Gage , Rec. 4 ,dsoo9e@uhura.cc.rochester.edu ,ds009e 009-09-0009 ,SMITH ,JUDY ,C , ,Gage , Rec. 4 ,js005e@uhura.cc.rochester.edu ,js005e
