On the other hand, you should really be using \begin{cases}...\end{cases} rather than an array environment. That will obviate the need for the left brace in the first place, and also the \quad will no longer bee needed either.
Also, the \mbox{...} is not needed (and is in fact an error, though WeBWorK's math processor will ignore it). An \mbox will put TeX into text mode rather than math mode, so -B \leq x \eq B would not be processed properly.
So the final version should be more like
\[f(x) = \begin{cases}
A & -B \leq x \leq B\\
0 & |x| > B\\
\end{cases}\]
This should produce [dmath] f(x) = \begin{cases} A & -B \leq x \leq B\\ 0 & |x| > B\\ \end{cases} [/dmath]
It is also possible to use the piecewiseFunctions.pl macro file from the Union macro library. (Read the documentation at the top of the file). This is a non-TeX specific way of creating the piecewise function, and it will work correctly in more display modes than the raw TeX code above. This is older code, but still works.
Finally, the MathObjects contextPiecewiseFunction.pl context can be used to create multi-branched functions that display properly, but also can be entered by students, evaluated, differentiated, and so. But it is restricted to using actual constants as the limits of the branches, not symbolic constants, so it won't be able to do the [math]-B \le x \le B[/math] that you have above. I've looked into changing this, but it is not as easy to modify as I had hoped.
Davide